1. 血吸蟲病， commonly referred to as "big belly disease," is an infectious and parasitic illness caused by infection with blood flukes, which can affect humans as well as mammals such as cattle, sheep, and pigs.2. What activities can lead to infection? From March to November, any contact with water containing miracidia, such as activities like planting rice, flood control, shrimp catching, swimming, washing clothes, and washing vegetables, can result in infection with schistosomiasis. The more times one is exposed to the疫 water, the greater the risk of infection.3. The life cycle of schistosomes: Adult schistosomes reside in the hosts and produce eggs that are excreted in feces. miracidia hatch in water, then penetrate snails where they develop into adults. The adult worms leave the snails and swim in the water, waiting to infect humans or animals through the skin (mucous membranes). This cycle repeats, perpetuating the spread and prevalence of schistosomiasis.4. Symptoms of schistosomiasis: Acute symptoms primarily include rashes, fever, abdominal pain, diarrhea, and hepatosplenomegaly. In the chronic phase, there may be no symptoms, or there could be chronic diarrhea or dysentery.5. Distribution of schistosomiasis: The disease is mainly found in 346 counties (cities, districts) in 12 provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the Central Government in China, including Shanghai, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Fujian, Anhui, Hubei, Hunan, Sichuan, Yunnan, Guangxi, and Guangdong.6. Epidemic situation of schistosomiasis: There are over 12 million patients, 1.2 million infected cattle, and 148 million m2 of snails.7. How to prevent schistosomiasis? The most effective method to prevent schistosomiasis is to avoid or reduce contact with疫 water during daily activities. Residents should use safe water sources such as tap water or well water. When using water in daily life, ensure its cleanliness by heating it to above 60℃, or by adding bleach, iodine tincture, or lime to kill miracidia.8. Develop good hygiene habits: Avoid defecating in areas where snails are present to prevent fecal contamination of water sources and ensure the safety of drinking water.